Folate, also known as folic acid, is a vital B-vitamin essential for cell growth and DNA synthesis. It plays a crucial role during pregnancy in helping to prevent birth defects. Folate naturally occurs in leafy greens, fruits, beans, and fortified foods. Supplements are commonly used during pregnancy and for certain health conditions. A folate deficiency can lead to fatigue and a weakened immune system.
Pregnant women, individuals with digestive disorders like celiac or Crohn’s disease, people taking certain medications, and those showing symptoms of anemia benefit from testing their folate levels. It’s also important for those with poor diets and older adults who might face nutritional deficiencies.
In the diet, folate is found in a variety of foods, including leafy green vegetables (like spinach and kale), fruits (like oranges and bananas), legumes (such as beans and lentils), nuts, and seeds. Additionally, many countries fortify staple foods like bread, cereals, and pasta with folic acid, which is a synthetic form of folate.
Folic acid supplementation is crucial, especially for pregnant women, as it prevents birth defects in the fetus. It promotes healthy cell growth, aiding in the formation of red blood cells and reducing anemia risk. Additionally, it supports heart health by lowering homocysteine levels, a risk factor for heart disease, and enhances brain function, potentially lowering the risk of mental health issues. Overall, folic acid is vital for DNA synthesis and repair, contributing to general health and well-being.