Free testosterone refers to the fraction of testosterone in the bloodstream that is not bound to proteins like sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) or albumin. Unlike bound testosterone, free testosterone is biologically active and readily available to interact with cells, making it a key indicator of hormonal activity in the body. It plays a vital role in regulating libido, energy levels, muscle strength, and mood in both men and women.
Testing testosterone levels is beneficial for men with symptoms of low testosterone, such as decreased libido and fatigue, and for older men who naturally experience reduced testosterone levels. Women with signs of high testosterone, often associated with conditions like PCOS, can also benefit from testing. Additionally, individuals with symptoms of hormonal imbalances, athletes, bodybuilders, and those undergoing hormone therapy, including transgender individuals, may find testosterone testing useful for managing their health and treatment plans.
Total testosterone measures all testosterone in the blood, including both the testosterone bound to proteins and the free, unbound form. Free testosterone, however, refers only to the small, unbound portion that is biologically active and available for the body to use. While total testosterone gives a general overview, free testosterone is crucial for understanding the hormone’s actual availability for physiological processes.
If your testosterone levels are abnormal, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for a proper interpretation of the results and to discuss potential underlying causes. They may recommend additional tests for a more comprehensive evaluation. Treatment options vary depending on whether your testosterone levels are high or low and could include hormone replacement therapy, medication, or lifestyle changes like diet and exercise. Regular monitoring of your testosterone levels is crucial to assess the effectiveness of any treatment or changes. Managing any underlying health conditions is also key to normalizing testosterone levels. Always seek professional medical advice before starting any treatment.