ABCG2 (ATP-Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2) is a protein that acts as a cellular transporter, moving various molecules — including drugs, toxins, and metabolites — out of cells. As part of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, it plays a crucial role in protecting tissues from harmful substances and contributes to drug resistance.

DLEU7 (Deleted in Lymphocytic Leukemia 7) is a gene recognized for its potential role in cancer biology, especially in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It is thought to affect key processes such as cell cycle regulation and programmed cell death (apoptosis). Loss or dysfunction of DLEU7 may contribute to cancer development and progression, making it a key focus in research for new diagnostic markers and targeted therapies.

ACP1 (Acid Phosphatase 1, Soluble) is a gene that encodes an enzyme involved in various cellular processes, including signal transduction and energy metabolism. It exists in multiple isoforms with distinct functions, affecting immune response and cellular signaling. Variations in ACP1 have been linked to a higher risk of certain autoimmune diseases and metabolic disorders.

ADGRL3 (Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor L3) is a gene that encodes a protein belonging to the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor family, which enables cell-to-cell communication and supports the development and function of the nervous system. It plays a crucial role in brain formation, neuronal signaling, and maintaining neural connectivity. Variations in ADGRL3 have been linked to neurological disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

CYP4F2 (Cytochrome P450 Family 4 Subfamily F Member 2) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, vitamin K, eicosanoids, and various drugs and toxins. It helps regulate blood clotting and inflammation. Genetic variations in CYP4F2 can influence how the body processes certain medications, especially anticoagulants.

CYP4V2 (Cytochrome P450 Family 4 Subfamily V Member 2) is an enzyme involved in fatty acid and lipid metabolism, including the formation of fatty acid epoxides that play a role in regulating blood pressure and controlling inflammation. Variants of CYP4V2 are associated with Bietti’s crystalline dystrophy, a rare retinal condition that can lead to progressive vision loss, highlighting its significance in both lipid metabolism and eye health.

DAAM2 (Dishevelled Associated Activator of Morphogenesis 2) is a protein that regulates cytoskeletal organization and cell shape. It plays a key role in processes such as cell movement, tissue development, and morphogenesis.

CXCL5 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5) is a signaling protein that helps recruit neutrophils—a type of white blood cell—to sites of inflammation or injury. It plays an essential role in the body’s innate immune defense and contributes to inflammatory processes in conditions ranging from infections to chronic inflammatory diseases. CXCL5 is also associated with cancer progression, where it can promote tumor growth and metastasis by attracting and activating neutrophils within the tumor microenvironment.

Boiled milk intolerance is a condition characterized by difficulty digesting milk that has been boiled or heat-processed through methods like pasteurization or sterilization. Unlike a milk allergy, which triggers an immune response, boiled milk intolerance usually causes gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, gas, or diarrhea after consuming it.

Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace mineral that supports immune defense, wound healing, DNA synthesis, and growth. It also plays a role in taste, smell, and hormone regulation. Rich sources include meat, shellfish, legumes, and nuts. Insufficient intake — common among vegetarians and older adults — can weaken immunity, slow healing, and affect skin health and resistance to infections.

Blackcurrant intolerance is a condition that reflects the body’s reduced ability to digest blackcurrants — small, dark, tangy berries packed with nutrients. Unlike a blackcurrant allergy, which triggers an immune response and can cause severe symptoms, intolerance usually leads to gastrointestinal discomfort after eating them.

DHFR (Dihydrofolate Reductase) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and repair. It catalyzes the conversion of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate, an essential cofactor for producing purines, thymidylate, and certain amino acids. This process is vital for cell growth and division, making DHFR a key target in cancer treatment, where inhibitors such as methotrexate block its activity to stop rapidly dividing cells.

GRIN3A (Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor NMDA Type Subunit 3A) is a gene that encodes a subunit of the NMDA receptor, which belongs to the glutamate receptor family. NMDA receptors are crucial for synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory, serving a key role in neuronal communication. Variations in GRIN3A can affect brain function and are of interest in neurological research.

Cottonwood trees are known for producing fluffy, cotton-like seeds and pollen that can trigger seasonal allergies. In spring, their pollen becomes airborne — especially on windy days — and may cause symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, and itchy eyes in sensitive individuals.

SIVA1 (SIVA1 Apoptosis-Inducing Factor) is a protein involved in regulating programmed cell death, or apoptosis. It plays a role in managing cell survival and death pathways, helping to maintain the balance between healthy cell function and the removal of damaged cells. Research on SIVA1 aims to understand its effects on cell fate and its potential connections to various diseases.

Octopus intolerance is a condition characterized by difficulty digesting certain components of octopus, resulting in uncomfortable symptoms after eating it. Unlike an octopus allergy, it does not involve an immune response to specific proteins but rather arises from the body's inability to properly break down this seafood.

FADS2 (Fatty Acid Desaturase 2) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids — essential components of cell membranes and precursors to key signaling molecules. Variations in FADS2 activity can affect how the body metabolizes essential fatty acids and are linked to metabolic and inflammatory health outcomes.

Nutmeg intolerance is a condition that affects the body’s ability to comfortably digest nutmeg, a spice prized for its warm, nutty flavor in cooking and baking. While nutmeg enhances both sweet and savory dishes, intolerance can cause digestive discomfort or other adverse reactions in sensitive individuals.

Grain intolerance is a condition that signifies the body’s decreased ability to digest certain kinds of grains. Unlike grain allergies, which cause an immune reaction and can lead to severe symptoms, grain intolerance primarily impacts the digestive system. Symptoms typically occur after eating grain-based foods and may include bloating, gas, and stomach discomfort.

WNK1 (WNK Lysine Deficient Protein Kinase 1) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a crucial role in regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure. It affects sodium and potassium transport in the kidneys, helping to maintain fluid balance and vascular function. Variants in WNK1 can disrupt this regulation, leading to hereditary hypertension and electrolyte disorders.

B4GALT6 (Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 6) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) — complex carbohydrates found in proteoglycans. Primarily located in the Golgi apparatus, it catalyzes the transfer of galactose from UDP-galactose to core proteins, initiating the formation of GAG chains such as chondroitin sulfate.

Proline is an amino acid that plays a vital role in supporting skin and joint health. It is essential for collagen production, which helps maintain skin elasticity, the strength of connective tissue, and cartilage integrity. Found abundantly in foods like meat, dairy, and eggs, proline also aids in wound healing and joint flexibility.

Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a naturally occurring substance and a central nervous system depressant. Although it is found in small amounts in the human body, it is more commonly known for its illegal use because of its sedative and euphoric effects. At higher doses, GHB can cause drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, unconsciousness, memory loss, and potentially life-threatening effects. Its narrow safety margin makes the risk of overdose high. GHB is sometimes referred to as a “date rape drug” because it can be added to drinks without any noticeable taste, smell, or color.

ENOX1 (Ecto-NOX Disulfide-Thiol Exchanger 1) is a protein that facilitates electron transfer across the cell membrane, contributing to cellular redox balance. It is associated with the regulation of cell growth and the aging process, although its precise role in human physiology and disease is not yet fully understood.

Deer meat intolerance is a condition where the body has trouble digesting venison, the lean meat from different deer species. Unlike a deer meat allergy, which triggers an immune reaction, intolerance usually causes digestive issues such as bloating, cramps, or diarrhea after eating.

ATP5MK (ATP Synthase Membrane Subunit K) is a part of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex, crucial for producing ATP during cellular respiration. It plays a role in cellular energy metabolism, and dysfunction in its activity can disrupt energy balance, potentially causing metabolic disorders.

IGFBP3 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3) is a protein that binds to insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), regulating their availability and activity in the body. This control affects cell growth, development, and metabolism. IGFBP3 is extensively studied in cancer research because it can either inhibit or enhance IGF effects depending on the cellular environment, making it a key factor in tumor growth and potential therapeutic strategies.

CHRNB3 (Cholinergic Receptor Nicotinic Beta 3 Subunit) is a protein that is part of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, which plays a crucial role in cholinergic neurotransmission. Variations in the CHRNB3 gene have been associated with nicotine dependence and related behavioral traits, indicating its involvement in the brain’s addiction pathways and regulation of neural circuits.

Cherry intolerance is a condition that impacts the body’s ability to comfortably digest cherries—small, sweet, and juicy fruits enjoyed fresh or in various dishes. Unlike a cherry allergy, which triggers an immune response, cherry intolerance mainly causes digestive discomfort such as bloating, gas, or stomach pain after eating.

SLC7A1 (Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 1) is a gene that encodes a transporter protein responsible for the uptake of amino acids, particularly arginine and lysine. These amino acids are essential for cell growth, nitric oxide production, and various metabolic processes. SLC7A1 also plays a role in immune regulation and has been associated with certain cancers, making it a significant focus in biomedical research.

ATP5PD (ATP Synthase Peripheral Stalk Subunit DAPIT) is a protein subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase, an enzyme complex essential for cellular energy production. It contributes to the synthesis of ATP—the primary energy currency of cells—and supports mitochondrial integrity, playing a vital role in maintaining overall cellular metabolism.

EPAS1 (Endothelial PAS Domain Protein 1), also known as HIF-2α, is a transcription factor that helps the body respond to low oxygen (hypoxia) in tissues. It regulates genes involved in red blood cell production, iron metabolism, and blood vessel formation. EPAS1 is associated with high-altitude adaptation and plays a role in certain diseases, including some cancers.

FCRL3 (Fc Receptor-Like 3) is a protein mainly expressed in B cells and is a member of the Fc receptor-like (FCRL) family. It plays a role in regulating B cell receptor signaling and antibody production, affecting immune system function and potentially contributing to the development of autoimmune diseases.

Oxycodone is a powerful opioid medication used to alleviate moderate to severe pain. It works by attaching to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, lessening the sensation of pain and its emotional effects. While effective for managing pain, oxycodone carries a high risk of dependence, addiction, and misuse.

Horseradish intolerance is a condition where the body struggles to digest horseradish, a sharp root vegetable commonly used as a condiment or spice. Unlike a horseradish allergy, which involves the immune system and can trigger severe reactions, intolerance causes only digestive issues such as bloating, gas, or discomfort after eating horseradish or foods that contain it.

Lettuce is a leafy green vegetable enjoyed worldwide for its crisp texture and mild flavor. Common varieties include romaine, iceberg, and butterhead. Naturally low in calories and high in water content, lettuce provides light nutritional benefits. While generally well-tolerated, some people may experience intolerance or allergic reactions, which, although rare, can cause discomfort or other adverse symptoms.

CHODL (Chondrolectin) is a gene that encodes a protein potentially involved in cell adhesion and chondrocyte differentiation. While its exact function is not yet fully understood, evidence suggests it may play a role in cartilage formation and musculoskeletal development.

Date fruit intolerance is a condition that reflects the body’s reduced ability to digest dates, the sweet fruits of the date palm tree. It is mainly characterized by gastrointestinal discomfort rather than an immune response. Unlike a date fruit allergy, which activates the immune system and can cause severe symptoms, date fruit intolerance usually leads to milder digestive issues after consuming dates or foods that contain them.

Myristic acid (C14:0) is a saturated fatty acid with a 14-carbon chain, found in animal fats, dairy products, and certain plant oils. It plays a role in various biological functions but is also known to raise cholesterol levels when consumed in excess.

BLOC1S2 (Biogenesis of Lysosomal Organelles Complex-1, Subunit 2) is a protein component of a complex that supports the formation of lysosome-related organelles, including melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Proper function of BLOC1S2 is essential for pigmentation processes and platelet function, while defects can lead to disorders affecting skin color and blood clotting.

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is a perennial herb from the mint family, prized for its fragrant, lemon-scented leaves. Commonly used in teas, culinary dishes, and traditional remedies, it is known for promoting relaxation, supporting restful sleep, and aiding digestion. While generally well-tolerated, some people may experience intolerance or adverse reactions.

Clove intolerance is a condition that reflects the body’s reduced ability to digest cloves — the aromatic flower buds used as a spice and flavoring in foods, beverages, and some dental products. Unlike a clove allergy, which triggers an immune response, clove intolerance primarily causes digestive symptoms such as bloating, discomfort, or nausea after consumption.

VWC2L (von Willebrand Factor C Domain Containing Protein 2 Like): The von Willebrand factor C domain-containing protein 2-like (VWC2L) is a less well-known protein characterized by the presence of a von Willebrand factor C domain—a structural feature commonly associated with extracellular matrix interactions and cell adhesion. It is believed to play a role in tissue development and structural integrity, although its exact function in human health and disease has yet to be fully determined.

Curry spice intolerance is a condition that reflects the body’s difficulty in digesting curry spice — a blend of spices and herbs commonly used in Asian cuisines. It usually causes gastrointestinal discomfort rather than triggering an immune response, which sets it apart from a curry spice allergy. Symptoms typically occur after eating foods seasoned with curry spice.

Cream cheese intolerance is a condition characterized by the body’s decreased ability to digest cream cheese, a dairy product prized for its smooth, spreadable texture. It generally leads to gastrointestinal discomfort rather than causing an immune reaction, setting it apart from a cream cheese allergy. Individuals with this intolerance often experience digestive symptoms after consuming cream cheese or foods that contain it.

EPDR1 (Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15-related protein 1) is a protein involved in cellular signaling, similar to MMP15’s role in extracellular matrix dynamics. As part of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway substrate family, EPDR1 participates in regulating key processes such as cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. It interacts with important signaling molecules to modulate growth factor signaling cascades, helping cells respond to external signals like growth factors and cytokines. Through these actions, EPDR1 influences cell fate decisions and maintains tissue homeostasis.

Leek intolerance refers to the difficulty some people have digesting leeks, a vegetable from the onion family known for its mild, onion-like flavor. Although leeks are commonly used in cooking, intolerance can lead to digestive discomfort and impact how well the vegetable is tolerated.

Cream intolerance is a condition characterized by difficulty digesting cream, a dairy product high in fat and known for its creamy texture. Unlike a cream allergy, which elicits an immune reaction, cream intolerance mainly causes digestive discomfort. People with this intolerance often experience symptoms like stomach upset after consuming cream or dairy products that contain it.

ACTN3 is a gene that encodes the protein Alpha-actinin-3, primarily located in fast-twitch muscle fibers. These fibers are crucial for generating rapid and powerful muscle contractions, essential for explosive athletic performance. Variations in the ACTN3 gene, particularly the R577X polymorphism, are linked to differences in sprinting ability and endurance, making this gene significant in sports genetics.

ZBTB49 (Zinc Finger and BTB Domain Containing 49) is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression by binding to DNA and remodeling chromatin. As a member of the ZBTB family, it plays a role in essential cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and development. While the specific functions of ZBTB49 are not yet fully defined, its involvement in transcriptional regulation indicates that it may influence cell fate decisions and could be significant in cancer and developmental disorders.

BHMT2 (Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase 2) is a gene involved in homocysteine metabolism, functioning similarly to its counterpart, BHMT. It assists in converting homocysteine to methionine, a process important for both cardiovascular and neurological health. Although it has been less studied than BHMT, BHMT2 affects homocysteine levels in the body, which may influence heart function and neurological conditions. Understanding BHMT2’s role can offer insights into its impact on metabolic pathways and disease risk.

BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) is a gene that encodes a protein essential for the survival, growth, and maintenance of neurons in the brain. BDNF plays a vital role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Changes in BDNF levels have been linked to a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders.

CSK (C-Src Tyrosine Kinase) is a crucial regulatory enzyme that controls the activity of Src family tyrosine kinases by phosphorylating and inhibiting them. These kinases play vital roles in cell growth, differentiation, and survival signaling pathways. Dysregulation of CSK can result in abnormal cell signaling, contributing to cancer and other diseases. Studying CSK’s regulatory functions helps us understand cell signaling control and provides potential targets for therapies in diseases involving tyrosine kinase imbalances.

Cocoa intolerance is a condition marked by difficulty digesting cocoa, leading to digestive discomfort after consuming cocoa or cocoa-based products. Unlike a cocoa allergy, which triggers an immune system reaction and can cause more severe responses, cocoa intolerance mainly causes gastrointestinal symptoms.

XDH, or Xanthine dehydrogenase, is an enzyme that plays a key role in purine metabolism, which involves the breakdown and recycling of purine nucleotides such as adenine and guanine. XDH catalyzes the conversion of hypoxanthine into xanthine and then xanthine into uric acid, the final product of purine degradation in humans. This process is essential for eliminating excess purines from the body, helping regulate levels coming from both diet and cellular turnover.

SHLD1 (Shieldin Complex Subunit 1) is a protein that is part of the shieldin complex, which plays a crucial role in DNA repair. It is involved in repairing double-strand breaks through non-homologous end joining, an essential process for maintaining genomic stability and preventing mutations.

BCO1 (Beta-Carotene Oxygenase 1) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in converting beta-carotene into retinal, the active form of vitamin A. Vitamin A is vital for vision, immune function, and cell communication. The activity of BCO1 determines how efficiently dietary beta-carotene is converted into vitamin A, influencing overall vitamin A levels and related health effects. Variations in the BCO1 gene can affect an individual's ability to process beta-carotene and their risk of vitamin A deficiency.

GATA3 (GATA Binding Protein 3) is a transcription factor that regulates the development and differentiation of multiple cell types, including T cells and mammary gland cells. It is essential for proper immune function and breast tissue formation. Mutations in GATA3 can lead to immunodeficiency and breast cancer.

FSHR, or Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor, is a receptor protein mainly found on ovarian granulosa cells in females and Sertoli cells in males. It plays a crucial role in reproductive function by mediating the effects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. FSHR is vital for processes such as folliculogenesis—the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in females—by activating signaling pathways that encourage cell growth and development.

B3GALNT1 (Beta-1,3-N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in glycosylation, a process vital for proper protein function. It helps create specific glycan structures important for cell-cell adhesion and signaling. Mutations in B3GALNT1 can lead to muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, a group of disorders affecting muscle function.

CHDH (Choline Dehydrogenase) is a crucial enzyme involved in choline metabolism, converting choline into betaine. This process supports the production of acetylcholine, a key neurotransmitter, and helps regulate homocysteine levels, which is vital for cardiovascular health. CHDH activity affects choline availability, impacting liver function, brain development, and nervous system health. Researching CHDH can provide valuable insights into nutritional requirements and interventions for metabolic disorders.

GBP3 (Guanylate Binding Protein 3) is a member of the guanylate-binding protein family that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is particularly important for defending against intracellular pathogens, including viruses and bacteria. GBP3 also helps regulate inflammatory responses during infections.

Kamut intolerance refers to an adverse reaction some people have to Kamut, an ancient grain related to wheat. Although Kamut is praised for its nutritional benefits, those with this intolerance may have trouble digesting it or may experience negative reactions to this particular grain.

FUCA1 (Alpha-L-Fucosidase 1): FUCA1 (Alpha-L-Fucosidase 1) is a gene that encodes an enzyme responsible for breaking down fucose, a sugar component found in complex carbohydrates. This enzyme plays a key role in metabolic processes, and deficiencies in FUCA1 can cause fucosidosis, a rare lysosomal storage disorder. Studying FUCA1 helps improve understanding of metabolic pathways and related disorders.

ETS1 (ETS Proto-Oncogene 1, Transcription Factor): ETS1 is a key member of the ETS family of transcription factors that regulate gene expression. It plays important roles in controlling immune responses, cell growth, and development. ETS1 is involved in processes such as angiogenesis, lymphocyte formation, and tumor development, and has been linked to several cancers and autoimmune disorders.

SHMT1 (Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 1): SHMT1 is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate into glycine and methylenetetrahydrofolate. This process is essential for nucleotide synthesis and methylation reactions, which support DNA replication and repair. SHMT1 plays a key role in cell growth and genetic stability, and its activity in folate metabolism is linked to cancer risk and neurological disorders.

B3GNTL1 (Beta-1,3-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase Like 1): B3GNTL1 is an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of complex carbohydrates, specifically contributing to the formation of glycosaminoglycans, which are key components of the extracellular matrix. These enzymes play important roles in cell communication, signaling, and maintaining structural integrity. Although the full biological functions of B3GNTL1 are still being studied, disruptions in glycosaminoglycan synthesis can impact development and are linked to conditions such as cancer and congenital disorders.

Coffee intolerance is a condition marked by difficulty digesting coffee, causing digestive discomfort. Unlike a coffee allergy, which activates the immune system and can lead to more serious reactions, coffee intolerance mainly causes gastrointestinal symptoms after drinking coffee.

ANGPTL4 (Angiopoietin-Like 4): ANGPTL4 is a multifunctional protein that plays key roles in regulating lipid metabolism, blood vessel formation (angiogenesis), and inflammation. It influences these processes by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, which raises plasma triglyceride levels, and by limiting endothelial cell migration and tube formation, affecting vascular growth and remodeling. Additionally, ANGPTL4 helps regulate inflammatory responses and tissue repair. Imbalances in ANGPTL4 function have been linked to metabolic conditions such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance.

CHMP3 (Charged Multivesicular Body Protein 3): CHMP3 is a key component of the ESCRT-III complex (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport III). It plays a vital role in the formation of multivesicular bodies and is involved in sorting ubiquitinated membrane proteins for degradation in lysosomes, helping regulate cellular protein turnover and membrane trafficking.

Calprotectin is a protein found in white blood cells that acts as a marker of inflammation, especially in the gut. Measuring calprotectin levels in stool helps evaluate the extent of intestinal inflammation. This test is useful for diagnosing and monitoring inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, and for distinguishing them from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which typically does not raise calprotectin levels.

ESR2 (Estrogen Receptor 2): ESR2 is a gene that codes for one of the two primary estrogen receptors in the body. It mediates the effects of estrogen, a key hormone involved in reproductive functions as well as bone, cardiovascular, and neural health. ESR2 plays important roles in various physiological processes and is a target in hormone replacement therapies and certain cancer treatments.

Calcium (Ca) is an essential mineral important for building and maintaining strong bones and teeth. It also supports muscle function, nerve communication, and heart health. Calcium is commonly found in dairy products, leafy green vegetables, and fortified foods. Many individuals, especially older adults and those with limited dairy intake, may need supplements. Insufficient calcium levels can lead to decreased bone density and other health issues, making it particularly important for healthy aging.

BACH2 (BTB and CNC Homology 1, Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor 2): BACH2 is a gene that encodes a transcription factor involved in regulating the immune system. It plays a key role in maintaining immune balance by controlling the development and function of important immune cells, such as B cells and T cells. Dysregulation of BACH2 has been linked to autoimmune diseases and increased susceptibility to infections.

ALOX5AP (Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Protein): ALOX5AP is a gene that encodes a protein involved in activating the enzyme arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5). This enzyme plays a crucial role in metabolizing arachidonic acid and producing leukotrienes, which are important inflammatory mediators. Variations in ALOX5AP have been associated with cardiovascular diseases and asthma.

ARL14EP (ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 14E): ARL14EP is a protein that plays a crucial role in regulating intracellular vesicle trafficking and membrane dynamics. As a member of the ARL protein family, it helps control the movement of vesicles within cells, affecting processes such as protein secretion, endocytosis, and organelle organization. ARL14EP is also involved in cell signaling and cytoskeletal regulation, making it essential for overall cellular function. Changes in ARL14EP activity or expression have been associated with various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and metabolic conditions.

BARHL2 (BarH-Like Homeobox 2): BARHL2 is a homeobox transcription factor that plays a crucial role in neural development. It is involved in the differentiation and specification of certain neuronal cell types during embryogenesis, contributing to the formation of a functional nervous system.

Buprenorphine is a medication primarily used to treat opioid addiction and, to a lesser extent, manage chronic pain. It functions as a partial opioid agonist, producing effects similar to opioids but with a lower risk of dependence and abuse compared to full opioid agonists like morphine or heroin. Buprenorphine is commonly used in medication-assisted treatment (MAT) to help reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings.

CYP4F11 (Cytochrome P450 Family 4 Subfamily F Member 11): CYP4F11 is an enzyme in the cytochrome P450 family. It plays a crucial role in the oxidation of fatty acids and drug metabolism. The function of CYP4F11 in lipid processing and drug detoxification is essential for understanding individual differences in drug response and the risk of diseases related to lipid metabolism.

Passion fruit intolerance is a condition that affects certain individuals’ ability to digest passion fruit, a tropical fruit valued for its unique flavor and aroma. Although passion fruit is popular in many culinary dishes, intolerance can cause digestive discomfort and other related symptoms.

Ornithine is an amino acid that supports liver health and plays a crucial role in the body’s detoxification process. It is a key part of the urea cycle, helping to remove ammonia from the body. Found in foods like meat, fish, and dairy, ornithine also aids in wound healing and tissue repair.

BCL11A (B-Cell CLL/Lymphoma 11A): BCL11A is a transcription factor critical for the development and function of blood cells. It plays a central role in regulating fetal hemoglobin levels and is a primary target in research on sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia. BCL11A is also implicated in the progression of certain blood cancers.

Pecans are delicious nuts valued for their rich, buttery flavor and are commonly used in a variety of recipes and snacks. However, some individuals may have a pecan nut intolerance, which can affect their ability to enjoy pecans without experiencing discomfort.

GIPR (Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor): GIPR is a gene that encodes the receptor for the hormone GIP, which helps stimulate insulin release after eating. This receptor plays a key role in regulating glucose metabolism and insulin secretion, supporting the body’s response to food intake.

Free Thyroxine (fT4) is a vital thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland, playing a crucial role in metabolism, brain development, and bone health. It acts as the precursor to the active hormone fT3. Measuring fT4 offers insight into thyroid function by reflecting the hormone that is directly released and available for conversion.

GC (Group-Specific Component, also known as Vitamin D Binding Protein): GC, also known as Vitamin D Binding Protein, is a protein that binds and transports vitamin D and its metabolites in the bloodstream. It plays a key role in regulating calcium and phosphate balance, as well as modulating immune and inflammatory responses. Variations in GC can influence vitamin D levels and metabolism, affecting bone health and potentially altering the risk of autoimmune diseases.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal with no beneficial function in the human body. Long-term exposure to cadmium can lead to serious health issues, including kidney damage, weakened bones, and an increased risk of cancer. Since cadmium accumulates in the body over time, even low-level exposure is a concern for long-term health.

Benzodiazepines are a class of psychoactive drugs that work by enhancing the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, producing a calming effect. They are commonly prescribed to treat anxiety, insomnia, seizures, and muscle spasms. Popular benzodiazepines include Valium (diazepam), Xanax (alprazolam), and Ativan (lorazepam). While effective, they carry risks of dependence and withdrawal, especially with long-term use.

RNF220 (Ring Finger Protein 220): RNF220 is a protein that belongs to the ring finger family, known for its ring finger domain involved in protein interactions and ubiquitination. It functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, playing a crucial role in the ubiquitin-proteasome system responsible for protein degradation and cellular homeostasis. RNF220 helps regulate key cellular processes such as signal transduction, gene expression, and the cell cycle. Disruptions in RNF220 function have been associated with diseases like cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

Asparagine is an amino acid that supports brain function and helps maintain nervous system balance. It plays a key role in protein synthesis and amino acid metabolism. Found in foods such as dairy, beef, poultry, eggs, fish, and asparagus, asparagine is important for brain health and mood regulation.

Kidney bean intolerance is a condition that affects some individuals' ability to properly digest kidney beans, a common legume known for its high protein and fiber content. Although kidney beans provide essential nutrients, intolerance can cause digestive discomfort and related symptoms.

Zonulin is a protein that regulates the permeability of tight junctions between cells in the digestive tract. It plays a key role in maintaining the intestinal barrier by controlling the passage of substances, such as nutrients and antigens, from the gut into the bloodstream. Imbalances in zonulin levels can affect gut permeability, potentially contributing to various health issues.

Peppermint intolerance refers to a sensitivity that some people have to peppermint, a fragrant herb known for its refreshing flavor and health benefits. Although peppermint is commonly used in teas, candies, and cooking, intolerance can cause discomfort and limit its use for those affected.

TCF19 (Transcription Factor 19): TCF19 is a gene that encodes a transcription factor involved in regulating the cell cycle. It helps control cell proliferation and may play a role in the cellular response to DNA damage. Changes in TCF19 function have been linked to cancer development, highlighting its importance in cell biology and oncology.

DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) is the more stable and abundant form of DHEA found in the blood. Measuring DHEA-S levels provides a longer-term indicator of DHEA status, aiding in the assessment of hormonal balance, adrenal gland function, and age-related hormonal changes.

GCNT1 (Glucosaminyl (N-Acetyl) Transferase 1): GCNT1 is a gene that encodes an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of mucins, essential components of mucus. It plays a role in modifying glycoproteins, affecting cell signaling and immune function. Changes in GCNT1 activity have been associated with conditions such as cystic fibrosis and certain types of cancer.

SH2B1 (SH2B Adaptor Protein 1): SH2B1 is a gene that encodes an adaptor protein involved in several intracellular signaling pathways, especially those related to insulin and leptin. It plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance, body weight, and glucose metabolism. Variations in SH2B1 have been linked to obesity and insulin resistance.

Rapeseed oil, often referred to as canola oil, is a popular cooking oil known for its neutral taste and high smoke point. Although commonly used in food preparation, some people may have an intolerance to rapeseed oil, which can lead to discomfort when eating foods made with it.

FCRL6 (Fc Receptor-Like 6): FCRL6 is a gene that encodes a protein found on specific T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, where it plays a role in regulating immune responses. It may affect how these cells react during infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Research into FCRL6 is investigating its potential as a therapeutic target to enhance immune regulation.

APOC4 (Apolipoprotein C-IV): APOC4 is a protein from the apolipoprotein family that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism and transport. It helps regulate triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles and affects how lipoproteins interact with their receptors and lipid transfer proteins. APOC4 is present in various plasma lipoprotein fractions, including very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Its role in lipid metabolism connects it to cardiovascular health, with dysregulation or genetic variations potentially impacting lipid levels and contributing to atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and other lipid disorders.